KARACHI – Parts of Sindh and Balochistan as well as other desert areas in the country may face severe drought because of the changing trend in precipitation this year.In a recent report, the Sindh Relief Department said that during the last 20 years, the rainfall had decreased by 41.3 per cent that might cause further drought-like situation in Thar area of Sindh.“We can see a drastic change in the changing scenario of rainfall in the recent past that serves as a prediction that the rainfall pattern might be changed in alarming negative range which is 91 per cent weighted departure of precipitation as compared to the normal rainfall pattern. A passive impression on the climate of Sindh currently remains till September with 40 per cent less rain predicted in Pakistan.”The report added that according to previous 20 years, the historical trend of droughts in one of the most vulnerable district to droughts is Mithi/Tharparkar. While it is continuously declared as drought calamity hit area in 1968, 1978, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2005 and also in 20071. Some regions of the country, in each season, remain drastically dry and are vulnerable to drought. Drought potentially has greater impact than any other natural or men made calamity in province like Sindh in Pakistan. Majority of the natural calamity events are Hydrological events, meteorological events, wildfires and health disasters. These disasters need special Vegetation Trend in Pakistan. In recent years in twenty ten and twenty, we had experienced heavy rain fall in northern areas which triggered heavy floodings in downstream and deltaic areas in Sindh, and in very next year the heavy rains ruined the lands and covered vast area of Sindh. Now, measuring the impact of drought on Thar, the report stated that the migration of 15per cent of Tharis, particularly male heads of households is normal, during dry period. They migrate in the search of wage labor and livestock fodder, but this year however, the nature and scale of migration has changed. By the end of October 2008, 20 per cent people with entire families and 58 per cent earning heads left (5800 families) Thar for irrigated areas to seek daily wage labor and to secure the feed for animals. As the situation in the neighboring flood plain areas, which normally absorb the heavy influx of migration from Thar, in normal conditions does not prevail because of the irrigation water shortage. The field crops (cotton, chilies, and sugarcanes) under cultivation have reduced thereby affecting the capacity of absorption of over saturated labor from within and Thar, report added.According to report, the impact on education due to frequent drought, poor and vulnerable households’ particularly low caste communities such as Bheel & kolhi migrated to barrage areas; another serious secondary impact of migration is on education sector in the form of large ratio of drop-out from primary schools during current drought it is roughly estimated that 15per cent drop out from Thar area.The report added that the food deficit and limited opportunities of the livelihood have deteriorated the overall status of health in women and children. The drought has reduced their leafy vegetable in take to one meal a day and an overall decrease in the intake of healthy and nutritious food. Thus now a lot of elderly people, children and pregnant and lactating mothers suffer from night blindness and anemia and have a tendency to increase to an endemic point.Meanwhile, the drought experts do suggest the authorities to take up the serious action regard to both moderate and severe droughts. Most of the practitioners believe by maintaining the records and monitoring and early warning systems, assessing the risks and impact for mitigation and assessing needs after the disaster, by taking these three steps we would plan a better management to face the droughts. In droughts we have sufficient time to deploy our effective early warning systems, which might take no longer than two months. The prediction and authenticity for the drought is depending on the data on precipitation trends, it would only be predicted if the data is enough reliable for prediction. To respond droughts relief must be provided to save lives and livestock by establishing camps, providing them essential material for life such as pure drinking water, food, fodder and medicines.Stock piling and generating the earning resources use to be an immediate option to cope with drought kind of disasters. There should be enough available stocks of water and food/ fodder for operational response to natural thread like droughts.