KARACHI (APP) - Although most forms of arthritis are chronic, there are effective non surgical ways to relieve the pain, improve mobility and avoid joint damage, said Dr. Riaz Hussain Lakdawala, a senior orthopaedic surgeon. In his presentation at a session organised by Rotary Club of Karachi, he said the treatment plan, tailored to ones specific conditions, usually include medicines, lifestyle modifications, physical therapy, stress management, weight reduction and sometimes surgery. With reference to non surgical treatment options, he said lifestyle modifications as to avoid contact sports and wearing rubber soled shoes can reduce joint impact in the lower extremity by as much as 40%. It is a useful measure to preserve feet, knees, hips and back, said the surgeon associated with Aga Khan University Hospital. A walking stick in the opposite hand takes weight off a painful hip, knee or foot, he added. As for exercises, he said swimming and low impact aerobic exercises as walking and cycling are sometimes more appealing than the structured exercise program. Therapeutic exercises, said the surgeon are designed to increase muscle strength, reduce contractures and maintain motion of the joint. Option of physical therapy, he said holds relevance in context of superficial heat and cold applications as they relieve pain by acting as counter irritants and reduce perception of pain. Acupuncture, however, has no role in arthritis treatment, said the speaker. Dr. Lakdawala said reducing and maintaining body weight (BMI= 19-25) greatly helps in managing arthritis. A diet that provides good nutrition and safety helps one to lose extra weight is strongly recommended, he said. The surgeon clarified that there are no medications to cure arthritis, however, these can effectively provide relief from pain and inflammation. Doctors and preferably patients must be well aware of medical therapy as all have their respective side effects, he said. The senior surgeon said, surgery should be considered when non surgical measures fail to reduce progressive pain and functional impairment.